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Disaster Advice Glossary
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Disaster recovery and restoration can be veiled in mystery to the many who have not undertaken specific training. This glossary explains technical terms to assist both report writing and the understanding of those technical terms so often misunderstood.
Definition
| Activated Carbon : |
Carbon charcoal that has an increased absorptive capacity of retaining chemicals, vapours, hydrocarbons, and sometoxins from a contaminated environment. Education Note: Scrubbing contaminated indoor air with an air scrubber having an activated carbon (charcoal-based) filter, are capable of trapping and reducing organic vapours in a building. Activated charcoal is commonly used as a gas vapour absorbent in air-prifying respirators and as a solid sorbent in air-sampling. See Adsorbent, Air Scrubbers, Air Sparging |
| Air Scrubber: |
Depending on the application a machine that has an air intake and one or more - prefilters, HEPA filters, carbon filters, plenum motor and exhaust that is contained in a metal housing. Mitigation Note: Airscrubbers scrub and remove contaminated air, allowing cleaner air to remain in a building. For example, asbestos and lead abatement contractors must use HEPA filtered air scrubbers machines during abatement. When fungi and bacteria contaminated building materials are disturbed or removed, air scrubbers must be installed for the protection of employees and for the reduction of cross-contamination in non-contaminated areas. See HEPA Air Scrubber. |
| Air Stripping: |
Mechanical and engineering methods used to remove harmful contaminates, gases and toxins from indoor air. Mitigation Note: Air stripping may include fresh air forced negative air exhausting, 100% air exhaust with 100% new air makeup, HEPA extraction and/or carbon filtration of pollutants that may pose health issues to humans if the ambients remain for prolonged periods or contaminates exceed acceptable and permissable exposure levels. See Administrative Controls, Air Cleaner, Air Scrubber, Carbon Filtration |
| Air-mover (Airmover): |
A fan, pumpor other device that causes ear still, staticair to move forward resulting in forced air pressure. Education Note: a) In water damage and odour control air movers are used to vapourise surface water and odours. b) Forced air movement directs and suspends settled but not airborne contaminates to an outside source,dehumidifier, or air scrubber. c) Employees who use airmovers during the drying phase must do so with proper respirator and eye wear protection. d) Airmovers should only be used indoors after cleanup services have been completed. See Air Movement, Air Scrubber, Air Sparging, Allergies, Conjuctivitis, Dynamic Pressure, Pink-Eye, respirable Particles, Rhinitis |
| Equipment Rental: |
In water, fire and catastrophic disasters, equipment rental refers to the equipment necessary on the job, to control or eliminate a particular hazard or damage, or the equipment necessary to complete a particular job. Contractor Note: Equipment rental includes, but is not limited to: Airmovers and dehumidifiers, electrical power generators, ventilation, portable lights and temporary power supplies, scaffolding, negative air and air scrubbers, confined space entry, monitoring equipment, respiratory protection, extraction equipment and vacuum trucks, storage containment bins and debris dumpsters, jack-hammers to heavy equipment, portable toilets and health and safety requirements, communication devises and management trailers. Equipment rental includes the necessary to complete a particular portion of a job are direct billable costs of the job. The contractors contract terms and conditions must allow and provide for reimbursement of all equipment rental, clean-up and sanitization, repair and maintenance, as well as overheads and profit. |
| HEPA Air Scrubber (High Efficiency Particulate Air Scrubber): |
Depending on the application, it is a machine that has an air intake and one or more of- prefilters, HEPA filters, [Carbon Filters], plenum motor and exhaust that is contained in a metal housing. Mitigation Note: HEPA air scrubbers-scrub and remove contaminated air, allowing cleaner air to remain in a building. For example, asbestos and lead abatement contractors must use HEPA filtered air scrubbers machines during abatement. When fungi and bacteria contaminated building materials are removed from buildings, air scrubbers must be installed for the protection of employees and for the reduction of cross-contamination in non-contaminated areas. See Air Scrubbers, HEPA Filters, HEPA Sanders, HEPA Vacuums |
| HEPA Filters (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter): |
In a respirator, a disposable dry-type filter having a particle removal efficiency of no less than 99.97 percent for 0.3 micron size particles. a) HEPA filters on a respirator, are worn (donned) by technicians in the protection from fine dust and spores entering their lungs. b) HEPA filters are used in air collection machines and vacuums to remove micro-fine particulates from air and surfaces. See HEPA Air Scrubber, HEPA Vacuum |
| HEPA Vacuum (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filtering Vacuum): |
Vacuuming equipment specially manufactured and designed to remove settled and loose contaminates from a surface, and the vacuum filter not release the debris and micro-fine dusts back in air through the exhaust. Education Note: The HEPA vacuum retains all micro-fine debris and it will not release or redistribute captured particles larger than 0.03 microns in size in air. For industrial size vacuums, the HEPA vacuum filter is rather expensive, and usually one or two prefilters precede and protect the HEPA filter. a) HEPA stand up vacuums can be purchased for residential use, but in commercial applications, including the containment of asbestos and lead-base paints, only industrial rated HEPA vacuums can be used. In some states, if asbestos and lead is being contained and controlled in the HEPA vacuum, each vacuum must have a state registration number on it. The registration number is issued and renewed yearly by the state, as long as the vacuum can meet the performance and leakage test. b) Industrial HEPA vacuums are used in mold and fungi mitigation and abatement. Dangerous fungi, mycelial fragments, mold toxins, and cell parts are captured and retained in the HEPA vacuum. See HEPA Air Scrubber, HEPA Filters |
| Venturi Air Scrubber: |
An air pollution control device that removes particulates, vapours, acid mists and gases from polluted air streams. The venturi effect is created at the throat of the narrow section of the duct, called the venturi throat. The velocity of low air pressure increases in the duct as pressure builds towards the venturi throat, and picks more up velocity as it passes the specially designed throat, resulting in higher collection efficiency of pollutants. |
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